Reflect for a moment on the original state of man as God (or who or whatever you do or do not believe in) instituted it. Men are born with vastly varying degrees of attractiveness, strength, energy, intelligence, propensity for disease, and so on. Furthermore, man’s physical location across the globe has placed some at great advantage and others at great disadvantage in terms of the availability of natural materials to discover, work with and to be sustained by. In short, the “natural order,” if there is such a thing, in no way promotes anything resembling a state of equality. The state of nature is best characterized by one of dramatic inequality.
Indeed, much of what we find beautiful and compelling in nature is driven by differences. The deserts of central California are beautiful when standing in contrast to the lush forests nearby. The oceans would get rather boring for many if in fact all we did was see … oceans. Pigeons are not exactly viewed as precious birds, whereas the Condor sure does get a lot of respect.
The reason I mention this is that in reading lots of the ecological and environmental literature, I see many writers clamoring for a return to nature or something along those lines. It should also be noted that a good portion of these writers are communitarian at their mildest, and outright egalitarian socialists otherwise. But can it be the case that you wish for man to return to the state of nature, or for us to achieve a “proper balance” with nature, and then also try to command a society where all resources are shared equally? In the state of nature, the only resource which seemed to have been shared equally was air, and that is only because for all intents and purposes air is not very scarce. Otherwise, to return to the state of nature as the ecolocals would have us do would then be an admission that pre-existing and “natural” inequalities are acceptable and desirable. I doubt that the ecolocals would support such a claim, but it is sitting right there like an ugly zit on their faces when they tell us we need to go back to nature.
It’s been said that many in the environmental movement are “watermelons.” Green on the outside, but really red on the inside. 😉
Ha hah hah. Speedmaster, you are great.
Of course some greenies are sincere, mistakenly.
But many of the ones who dominate the public platform wish the workers to ride their bicycles from their equally-sized public housing units to their jobs, while the happy farmer-tenants fork the wheat onto the threshing floor. Lenin’s dream.
Meanwhile, the nomenklatura can enjoy fishing in Jackson Hole.
I know such comments might be construed as misanthropic.
Great post, perfesser. Best regards, Speedmaster!
You ask some big questions here, perfesser. They are worthy of at least two undergraduate courses, many dissertations, and incalculable inquiry. It is so great you started your program at the U of R, and I am sure it will have good effect on many. Wish I were there.
Well written.
In all life one should comfort the afflicted, but verily, also, one should afflict the comfortable, and especially when they are comfortably, contentedly, even happily wrong. -John Kenneth Galbraith, economist (1908-2006)
[…] others from taking their time and talents or employing their time and talents against their will. A few days ago we explored the inconsistency in holding the two beliefs that we should “return to nature” and also […]
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They are noisyThey create noise when the pins or
typeface strike the ribbon to the paper.The use of Sound dampening enclosures or
covers become necessary in qui
Read more
International Business and Trade
What happened when the oceans became highways?
Asked by Wiki User
The world got smaller and cultures mixed, and international trade
provided increased economic growth.
Terrifier 3 star David Howard Thornton has broken his silence on the low-budget horror film demolishing $200m flop Joker:
Folie à Deux at the box office.
The grisly film – made for about $2 million – stars Thornton as homicidal clown Art who brutally murders an array of victims in stomach churning scenes – with the film knocking the
starry Joaquin Phoenix and Lady Gaga film off the top of the US box office last
week.
Thornton said the runaway success of his film had
left him stunned as he likened to battle of the two films to ‘David vs Goliath.’
He told TMZ: ‘Terrifier 3 was a small lower budget independent film…
I never expected this to happen in my life, I’m floored and grateful for it all.
‘We’re grateful to the fans, we have a dedicated fanbase, we weren’t beholden to the studio system.
Terrifier 3 star David Howard Thornton has broken his
silence on the low-budget horror film demolishing $200m flop Joker: Folie à
Deux at the box office (pictured as Art the clown)
The grisly film – made for about $2 million –
stars Thornton as homicidal clown Art who brutally murders an array of
victims in stomach churning scenes – with the film knocking the starry Joaquin Phoenix and Lady Gaga (pictured) film off
the top of the US box office last week
‘We turned down studios as they wanted to compromise the integrity of the film and
we wanted to stick to what the fans wanted and we wanted.
Read More
Terrifier 3 dethrones Joker: Folie À Deux as box office champ
‘This shows Hollywood that we need to start making movies that take risks
again.
The star said he had yet to see the panned
Joker sequel, saying: ‘I was shocked too as the first
Joker film I loved, I’m curious to see why people aren’t as crazy about the second one.’
Terrifier 3, written and directed by Damien Leone,
is an un-rated blood fest, which has received a 78-percent
rating from the critics on Rotten Tomatoes. Audiences have ‘certified’ it ‘hot’ and given it a healthy
90-percent on the popcornmeter.
The film earned $18.3 million at the box office according to The Numbers.
Landing in third place was Joker: Folie à Deux.
After winning the box office competition during its debut weekend could not overcome
the bad reviews, enduring an 82-percent decline in ticket sales.
The movie collected only $7.055 million, in spite of being in more than four thousand theaters across the US.
Thornton said the runaway success of his film had left him stunned
as he likened to battle of the two films to ‘David vs Goliath’ – pictured last week
He said: ‘Terrifier 3 was a small lower budget independent film…
I never expected this to happen in my life, I’m floored and grateful for it all’
The musical is ‘poised to lose at least $150 million to $200 million in its theatrical run’ according to the publication.
The movie studio spent about $200 million to produce the film and about $100 million on marketing and distribution, according to
the report.
It would need to gross about $450 million at the box office to break even — when factoring in the cut taken by theaters — though Warner Bros.
sources claim the number is $375 million.
A Warner Bros. spokesperson responded to the report, saying ‘Any estimates suggested by anonymous “insiders”
or “rival executives” are grossly wrong and continues a trend where
rumor is reported as fact.’
‘The film continues to play in theatrical release, included with this week’s opening in China, and will continue to earn revenue throughout its home viewing and ancillary run.’
So far, the musical about Batman’s nemesis has grossed $51.5 million domestically and $165 million globally after two weeks of release.
The film is ‘poised to lose at least $150 million to $200 million in its theatrical run’
according to the publication
In comparison, the first Joker grossed $96.2 million domestically and $248.4 million globally after three days of release.
The hotly-anticipated sequel to the 2019 billion dollar Oscar-winning film was considered a surefire hit for Warner Bros Pictures, yet ended up
being slammed by critics and failed to ignite at the box office.
Joker: Folie À Deux has garnered the lowest CinemaScore in comic book movie history as the film bombed at the box office on opening night.
Joaquin PhoenixLady Gaga
>The Latest Findings in Designing Healing Spaces
The Special Issue on Healing Spaces features eight articles that delve into the latest findings at the intersection of design and health.
These articles explore the relationship between the built environment and human health and wellbeing, utilizing cutting-edge technologies
and investigating various contexts, including urban open spaces and forest settings.
Using a range of measurement tools and methodologies
such as EEG devices, surveys, and real-time data collection, these studies aim to gain insights into
the impact of design on human wellbeing, shedding light on the
psychological and physiological effects of healing spaces.
Urban Open Space and Human Health
“Urban open spaces have the potential to positively influence human health by providing opportunities for physical activity, social interaction, and stress reduction.”
One study, conducted by Choi et al., focuses on the role of urban open spaces in promoting human health.
The researchers employed a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to
investigate the impact of urban open space design on human wellbeing.
The study findings highlighted that well-designed urban open spaces can enhance physical
activity levels, foster social connections, and contribute to stress
reduction, ultimately enhancing overall human health and wellbeing.
Forest Healing and Wellbeing
“Spending time in forest environments has been shown to have significant psychological and physiological benefits, contributing to improved wellbeing and reduced stress.”
An article by Lee et al. explores the concept of forest healing and its effects on human wellbeing.
The research demonstrates that spending time in natural forest environments
can lead to reduced stress levels, improved mood, enhanced cognitive function, and increased vitality.
Additionally, the study highlights the connection between forest healing and physiological benefits such as lowered blood pressure
and heart rate. This evidence underscores the importance of incorporating forest elements in healing spaces to
promote wellbeing and improve human health.
Exploring the Psychology of Healing Spaces
“The design of healing spaces should consider psychological factors such as privacy, sensory stimulation, and aesthetics to create an environment that promotes holistic wellbeing.”
Another study, conducted by Smith et al., delves into the psychological aspects of healing spaces.
It specifically examines how factors such as privacy, sensory stimulation, and aesthetics influence human wellbeing.
The findings suggest that healing spaces designed with these considerations in mind have
a positive impact on emotional states, stress reduction, and overall satisfaction.
Moreover, the study highlights the importance of creating environments that support privacy,
offer meaningful sensory experiences, and incorporate visually appealing elements to enhance the psychological benefits of healing spaces.
Key Findings Design Considerations
Urban open spaces improve physical activity levels, social
interactions, and stress reduction. Design urban open spaces to encourage physical activity, provide seating areas for social interaction, and include elements that promote relaxation.
Forest environments contribute to reduced stress, improved mood, enhanced cognitive function, and lowered blood pressure.
Incorporate natural elements like greenery and water features into healing spaces, provide
nature views, and create opportunities for forest-like experiences.
Psychological factors such as privacy, sensory stimulation, and aesthetics impact emotional states and stress reduction. Optimize healing
spaces for privacy, incorporate multi-sensory experiences, and pay attention to aesthetic qualities such
as lighting, color, and artwork.
Improving Mental Health with Urban Green Spaces
Urban green spaces have a profound impact on mental health and well-being.
A study conducted by Olszewska-Guizzo et al. explores
the positive outcomes of exposure to green spaces
in urban areas. The researchers tested various predictive methods to determine the effectiveness of urban landscape exposures in promoting mental health and well-being.
By examining the specific features of urban green spaces, the study
identified the elements that have the greatest positive impact on mental
health. These findings play a crucial role in the development of prevention and
intervention measures, as well as the formulation of
design guidelines for optimal urban green spaces.
“The availability of urban green spaces significantly contributes to the improvement of mental health outcomes. By understanding how different design elements influence mental well-being, we can create environments that promote healing and emotional respite.” –
Olszewska-Guizzo
Benefits of Urban Green Spaces on Mental Health
Exposure to urban green spaces has been linked to several mental health benefits:
Reduction in stress levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression
Enhancement of cognitive function and attention restoration
Promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle
habits
Improvement in overall quality of life and well-being
Mental health is a pressing concern in urban areas where
individuals often face high levels of stress and limited
access to natural environments. Incorporating urban green spaces into
city planning can significantly contribute to the well-being
of residents and promote a healthier and more sustainable urban lifestyle.
Design Guidelines for Optimal Urban Green Spaces Benefits
1. Incorporate diverse plant species Enhanced biodiversity and visual appeal
2. Provide ample seating and shaded areas Encourages relaxation and social interaction
3. Ensure accessibility for all individuals Promotes inclusivity and equitable use
4. Implement noise reduction measures Creates
a peaceful and calming environment
5. Incorporate natural elements such as water features
Supports relaxation and stress reduction
Designing urban green spaces that cater to the mental health needs of individuals requires a comprehensive understanding of predictive methods and evidence-based design principles.
By integrating these guidelines into urban planning, cities
can maximize the mental health benefits of green spaces and
create healthier and more resilient communities.
The Therapeutic Benefits of Bamboo Forest Therapy
Bamboo forest therapy has gained recognition for its numerous therapeutic benefits on the mind and body.
A recent study conducted by Lyu et al. sheds light on the positive impact of
bamboo forest therapy on immune system responses and psychophysiology.
The findings suggest that immersing oneself in a bamboo forest environment can have significant
positive effects on various aspects of well-being.
Positive Mood States and Stress Reduction
The study found that exposure to bamboo forest environments
leads to an increase in positive mood states and a reduction in negative mood states.
The calming and soothing ambiance of the bamboo forest creates a serene atmosphere, allowing
individuals to experience a sense of tranquility and
relaxation. This effect can help alleviate stress and promote overall emotional well-being.
Improvements in Heart Rate and Blood Pressure
Bamboo forest therapy also showed notable improvements in heart rate and blood pressure.
Spending time in a bamboo forest environment helps regulate the cardiovascular system, leading to lower heart rate and blood pressure levels.
The natural surroundings and fresh air contribute to a healthier physiological state, promoting cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of related conditions.
Enhanced Immune System Function
Another significant finding of the study is the positive
impact of bamboo forest therapy on immune system responses.
The unique combination of natural elements in the bamboo forest environment stimulates the immune system,
leading to enhanced immune functions. This can potentially strengthen the body’s defense mechanisms and improve
overall health and well-being.
The study by Lyu et al. highlights the significance of bamboo forest therapy in promoting positive
mood states, regulating heart rate and blood pressure, and boosting immune system
responses. Further research in this field can provide valuable
insights into the potential therapeutic applications
of bamboo forest therapy in managing conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and
cancer.
Recommended Further Research
To fully explore the therapeutic benefits of bamboo forest therapy, the authors recommend further
studies in the following areas:
Impact on cardiovascular disease: Evaluate the specific effects of
bamboo forest therapy on cardiovascular conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart
failure, and arrhythmias.
Hypertension management: Investigate the potential
of bamboo forest therapy as a complementary approach for managing hypertension and reducing the need for
medication.
Cancer treatment support: Explore the role of bamboo forest therapy in improving the
well-being and quality of life of individuals undergoing cancer treatment.
By conducting extensive research in these areas, we
can deepen our understanding of the therapeutic benefits of bamboo forest therapy and
its potential in supporting overall health and
well-being.
Green Spaces and Cardiovascular Health in Madrid
Plans et al. conducted a comprehensive study to examine the relationship between green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors
in the vibrant city of Madrid. With the rapid urbanization and increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, understanding the impact of green spaces
on cardiovascular health is crucial. The findings of
this study shed light on the potential benefits of green spaces in mitigating
cardiovascular risk factors and provide insights for
policymakers to create healthier environments in cities.
Research Methodology
The study involved a diverse sample population of residents in Madrid,
comprising both males and females across different age groups.
The researchers collected data on cardiovascular risk factors,
such as hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, and
obesity. Additionally, they measured the density of green spaces in different
neighborhoods of Madrid to assess the association between green spaces and cardiovascular health.
Gender Differences in the Relationship
The research revealed an interesting gender difference in the relationship between green spaces
and cardiovascular risk factors. While there was a moderate association between green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors
for females, the same association was not observed for males.
This suggests that green spaces may have a more significant impact on the cardiovascular health of women compared to men in urban environments.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Association with Green Spaces
Hypertension Positive association for females
Diabetes No significant association observed
High Cholesterol Positive association for females
Obesity No significant association observed
This gender-specific association highlights the need for tailored interventions and urban planning strategies to address cardiovascular health disparities between men and women. By creating more green spaces and ensuring equitable access, cities
can promote better cardiovascular health outcomes for all residents.
Implications for Urban Environments
These findings have significant implications for urban planners, policymakers, and healthcare professionals.
Incorporating green spaces into urban design can contribute to reducing cardiovascular risk factors
and improving overall heart health, particularly for women. The presence
of green spaces allows for physical activity, stress reduction, and improved mental
well-being, all of which positively impact cardiovascular health.
Urban environments that prioritize green spaces foster a healthier and more sustainable future for cities.
From parks and gardens to tree-lined streets, integrating green spaces in urban areas can have far-reaching benefits for residents’ cardiovascular health and
overall quality of life.
Influence of Neighborhood Characteristics on Physical Activity
When it comes to the physical activity of university students, the impact of neighborhood characteristics cannot be overlooked.
A study conducted by Molina-García et al.
delved into the role that neighborhood-built environments play in influencing physically active and sedentary
behaviors among university students.
The findings of the study revealed fascinating associations between neighborhood characteristics and various aspects of physical
activity. Let’s take a closer look at some of the key findings:
The neighborhood-built environment was found to have a
significant influence on active commuting. Students living in neighborhoods with
better walkability and available transportation options were more likely to engage in active commuting such
as walking or biking to campus.
Leisure-time physical activity was also affected by neighborhood characteristics.
Students living in neighborhoods with access to recreational facilities or green spaces were more likely to engage in physical activities during their
free time, fostering a healthier lifestyle.
Sedentary behavior, on the other hand, was more prevalent among students residing in neighborhoods with limited
walkability or inadequate recreational spaces. This highlights the importance of creating neighborhoods that promote physical activity and discourage sedentary behaviors.
These findings underscore the significance of designing university residential environments that foster physically
active behaviors among students. By prioritizing walkability, providing
accessible transportation options, and ensuring the availability of recreational
spaces, universities can create environments that nudge students towards a more
active lifestyle.
To summarize, neighborhood characteristics have a substantial influence on the physical activity patterns of university students.
By designing neighborhoods that promote physical activity
and discourage sedentary behaviors, universities
can nurture a culture of health and wellness among their
student population.
The Association between Open Spaces and Renal Function
In densely populated urban areas, the availability of open spaces plays a crucial role in promoting human health
and well-being. Chien et al. conducted a study that specifically focused on the association between open spaces and renal function in adults.
The findings shed light on the positive impact of open spaces on renal health, particularly in individuals without hypertension or
impaired fasting glucose.
The study revealed a lower prevalence of chronic kidney
disease among adults residing in close proximity to open spaces in Taiwan. This
suggests that the presence of open spaces in urban environments may
contribute to better renal function and a decreased risk of developing kidney-related health issues.
To further analyze the relationship between open spaces and renal function, Chien et al.
employed a variety of measures and assessments. The study considered factors
such as the size and accessibility of open spaces, as well as their influence on the overall health of individuals.
By examining the connection between urban open spaces and renal function, important insights were gained into the potential benefits these spaces offer to human physiology and well-being.
“The results of our study highlight the importance of integrating open spaces into urban design and city planning. By prioritizing the creation and preservation of open spaces, policymakers and urban developers can contribute to the well-being of residents, reducing the burden of chronic kidney disease and promoting a healthier society.”
These findings have significant implications for urban areas worldwide, where the population density often limits access to
green spaces. By strategically incorporating open spaces into the
urban landscape, cities can create environments that support renal health and enhance the quality of life for their residents.
Open Spaces and Renal Health: A Promising Approach
The positive association between open spaces and renal function opens up opportunities for further research and exploration. By delving deeper into
the mechanisms behind this relationship, scientists and healthcare professionals can develop evidence-based
interventions to optimize renal health in urban areas.
With the growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease worldwide,
the role of open spaces in supporting renal function becomes even more critical.
Creating an environment that fosters healthy renal outcomes through the provision of open spaces can contribute to the overall well-being of
individuals and communities.
Urban planners, architects, and policymakers should consider these findings when designing and developing
urban areas. By incorporating open spaces into the fabric of cities, we can create healthier environments that promote renal function and
improve the quality of life for countless individuals.
Benefits of Open Spaces on Renal Function Evidence
Promotes renal health Lower prevalence of chronic kidney disease among adults in close proximity to open spaces.
Reduces the risk of kidney-related health issues Open spaces contribute to better
renal function and a decreased risk of developing kidney-related
health problems.
Enhances overall well-being Creating healthier environments
through open spaces improves the quality of life for
residents.
Restorative Effects of Urban and Forest Settings
When it comes to creating spaces that promote well-being, the choice between urban settings and forest settings can have
a significant impact. Takayama et al. conducted a study comparing the restorative effects of
these two environments on individuals, and the results were quite revealing.
According to the research, forest settings have been found to possess
higher restorative properties compared to urban settings.
This means that spending time in nature, surrounded by
trees, plants, and fresh air, can offer greater psychological and physiological benefits.
Forest therapy, a form of nature-based therapy, has gained
popularity in recent years for its ability to enhance mental and emotional well-being.
The serene atmosphere and natural elements of a forest setting have
been shown to alleviate stress, reduce anxiety and depression, and improve
overall mood.
Physiological benefits have also been observed in individuals exposed to forest
settings. Studies have demonstrated reductions in blood
pressure, heart rate, and cortisol levels, indicating a positive impact on the
body’s stress response system.
Forest settings have higher restorative properties than urban settings, showcasing greater psychological and physiological
benefits.
This research opens up opportunities for further investigation into the relationship between forest
settings and individual traits. By understanding how different people respond
to nature, tailored forest experience programs can be developed to optimize the psychological health of urban dwellers.
Comparing the Restorative Effects of Urban and Forest Settings:
Urban Settings Forest Settings
Psychological Benefits Less pronounced Greater
Physiological Benefits Limited impact Reduced blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol levels
The table above summarizes the comparisons between urban and
forest settings in terms of their restorative effects. While urban settings may
provide some benefits, the profound impact of forest settings on psychological and physiological well-being cannot be denied.
These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating nature into
urban environments and ensuring easy access to green spaces.
Design interventions that bring elements of the natural world into
cities can help enhance the well-being of residents and create more restorative urban settings.
Conclusion
Designing healing spaces in healthcare is an emerging field that
focuses on creating environments that foster healing and promote overall wellness.
The research discussed in this Special Issue highlights
the importance of elements such as green spaces, nature views, art installations, lighting,
noise control, and room layout in creating
healing spaces. These carefully curated spaces have the power
to evoke a sense of harmony and cohesion of the mind,
body, and spirit, ultimately supporting the healing intention and fostering
healing relationships.
By incorporating natural elements and providing calming and stress-reducing healthcare
facilities, therapeutic healthcare environments can positively impact patient well-being.
From urban green spaces to bamboo forest therapy, the studies
showcased the profound effects of these healing spaces on human health.
They have shown how exposure to nature-inspired healthcare
spaces can improve mental health, boost immune system responses,
reduce cardiovascular risk factors, and influence physical activity behaviors.
As we move forward, it is crucial to integrate these findings into the design and architecture of healthcare spaces, ensuring
that they prioritize the well-being of patients, staff,
and visitors. By creating thoughtfully designed healing spaces, we can enhance the healing process and contribute
to the overall improvement of healthcare outcomes. Let us continue to explore the potential of healing spaces and their ability to promote the cohesion of mind,
body, and spirit, as well as cultivate healing intention and nurture healing relationships.
FAQ
What is the field of designing healing spaces in healthcare?
Designing healing spaces in healthcare is an emerging field that focuses
on creating environments that foster healing and promote overall wellness.
What are some elements of healing spaces in healthcare?
Healing spaces in healthcare incorporate elements such as green spaces, nature views,
art installations, lighting, noise control, and room layout
to create a calming and supportive environment for patients.
What is evidence-based design?
Evidence-based design is an approach that utilizes objective evidence from
wearable and stationary technologies to measure the impact of the built environment on health, wellbeing,
and performance.
How do urban green spaces impact mental health?
Research suggests that exposure to urban green spaces has positive mental health outcomes.
The specific features of urban green spaces that have the most positive impact are being explored
to inform the development of design guidelines for optimal urban green spaces.
What are the therapeutic benefits of bamboo forest therapy?
Bamboo forest therapy has been found to have a
positive impact on immune system responses and psychophysiology.
It leads to an increase in positive mood states, a reduction in negative mood states, and improvements in heart rate,
blood pressure, and corticosterone levels.
Is there a connection between green spaces and cardiovascular
health?
Studies have found a moderate association between the density of green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors,
particularly for females. These findings provide evidence
for policymakers to create healthier environments in cities and reduce gender inequities in cardiovascular health.
How do neighborhood characteristics influence physical activity?
Neighborhood characteristics, such as built
environments and socioeconomic status, play a role
in influencing physically active and sedentary behaviors among university students.
Designing university residential environments to promote walkability and available transportation can help encourage physical activity.
What is the association between open spaces and renal
function?
Proximity to open spaces has been found to have a positive relationship with renal
function. Research suggests that a lower prevalence of chronic kidney disease is associated with proximity to open space among adults in densely populated areas.
What are the restorative effects of urban and forest settings?
Research indicates that forest settings have higher restorative properties than urban settings, providing greater psychological and physiological benefits.
Further studies are needed to explore the relationship
between forest settings and individual traits for better psychological
health in urban dwellers.
How do healing spaces in healthcare support patient well-being?
Healing spaces in healthcare promote the cohesion of the mind, body, and spirit, support healing intention,
and foster healing relationships. Elements such as green spaces, art installations,
and soothing room layouts contribute to patient well-being in healthcare design.
Source Links
website
website
website
Author mvorganizing.orgPosted on 4 January 2024Categories Environmental Psychology, Psychology
Joaquin Phoenix has revealed that he spoke with filmmaker Christopher Nolan about playing Joker which ultimately
went to Heath Ledger.
The 50-year-old actor – whose latest flick Joker: Folie À Deux could be streamed now – got candid about potentially playing the supervillain before he actually portrayed
him.
Joaquin recently appeared on Rick Rubin’s Tetragrammaton podcast as he revealed that he spoke to
the 54-year-old Oscar-winning filmmaker Nolan about portraying Joker over a
decade before.
He said: That didn’t… wasn’t going to happen for
a number of reasons. I wasn’t ready then.
‘That’s one of those things sometimes where
you go: “Why am I not doing this project? What is stopping me from doing this? Well it’s not about me, there’s something else. There’s another person that’s going to do something that’s like, I can’t imagine what it would be if we didn’t have Heath Ledger‘s performance in that film.”‘
Joaquin Phoenix has revealed that he spoke with filmmaker Christopher Nolan about playing Joker which ultimately went to Heath Ledger
In 2020, Joaquin earned the Best Lead Actor Oscar for Todd
Phillips directed Joker which was 11 years after Ledger (pictured) posthumously earned Best Supporting Actor for The Dark Knight in 2009
Read More
Joker: Folie À Deux heading to streaming after box office flop
In 2020, Joaquin earned the Best Lead Actor Oscar for Todd Phillips directed Joker which was 11
years after Ledger posthumously earned Best Supporting Actor for The
Dark Knight in 2009.
Joaquin continued: ‘I don’t know whether Christopher Nolan was coming to me saying, “You are definitely the person.”
‘I can’t remember the context of how we met. But I know that we met, and my feeling was,
“I shouldn’t do this.” But maybe he also was like, “You’re not the guy.” I couldn’t say.’
Heath died in a New York City apartment on January 22, 2008, after accidentally overdosing following months of
physical and mental exhaustion.
The Dark Knight actor died aged 28 after taking a fatal cocktail of drugs, leaving behind his daughter, who was two
years old at the time.
Meanwhile Joker: Folie À Deux can now be streamed, just weeks after its
theatrical release.
The movie, starring Joaquin Phoenix and Lady Gaga,
is now available to rent from home starting October 29, in an effort
to recoup some of Warner Bros. investment into the
film, as per Variety.
The musical, which bombed at the box office, is ‘poised
to lose at least $150 million to $200 million in its theatrical run’ according to
the publication.
Joaquin recently appeared on Rick Rubin’s Tetragrammaton podcast as
he revealed that he spoke to the 54-year-old Oscar-winning
filmmaker Nolan (pictured in January) about portraying Joker over a decade before
Heath died in a New York City apartment on January 22, 2008,
after accidentally overdosing following months of physical and mental exhaustion. Pictured Heath in 2006
Read More
Terrifier 3 dethrones Joker: Folie À Deux as box office champ
The movie studio spent about $200 million to produce the film and about $100 million on marketing and distribution, according to
the report.
It would need to gross about $450 million at the box office
to break even — when factoring in the cut taken by theaters — though Warner Bros.
sources claim the number is $375 million.
A Warner Bros. spokesperson responded to the report, saying
‘Any estimates suggested by anonymous “insiders” or “rival executives”
are grossly wrong and continues a trend where
rumor is reported as fact.’
‘The film continues to play in theatrical release, included with this week’s opening in China, and will continue to
earn revenue throughout its home viewing and ancillary
run.’
So far, the musical about Batman’s nemesis has grossed $51.5 million domestically and $165 million globally after two weeks of
release.
In comparison, the first Joker grossed $96.2 million domestically and $248.4 million globally after three days of release.
The hotly-anticipated sequel to the 2019 billion dollar Oscar-winning film was considered a surefire hit for
Warner Bros Pictures, yet ended up being slammed by
critics and failed to ignite at the box office.
Joker: Folie À Deux has garnered the lowest CinemaScore in comic book movie history
as the film bombed at the box office on opening night.
The psychological musical thriller — which has been criticized as ‘bleak’ and ‘disappointing’ — officially released in theaters on Friday, October 4.
Joker: Folie À Deux, starring Joaquin Phoenix and
Lady Gaga, can be streamed now, just weeks after its theatrical release; Phoenix and Gaga seen in a
still
The movie will be available to rent from home starting October 29, in an effort to recoup some of Warner Bros.
investment into the film, according to Variety
The film is ‘poised to lose at least $150 million to $200 million in its theatrical run’ according to the publication
The sequel to the 2019 billion dollar Oscar-winning film was considered a surefire hit for Warner
Bros, yet ended up being slammed by critics and failed to ignite at
the box office
Phoenix reprised his role as the Joker in the sequel, which had earned
him an Oscar for his portrayal in the 2019 film, while Gaga took on the role of
Harleen Lee Quinzel (Harley Quinn)
Phoenix reprised his role as the Joker in the sequel, which had earned him
an Oscar for his portrayal in the 2019 film, while Gaga took on the role of Harleen Lee Quinzel (Harley Quinn).
However, Joker: Folie À Deux has been given a D rating on CinemaScore — the lowest score for a
comic book movie.
Madame Web — which notably also flopped in theaters earlier this year and also received terrible reviews
— holds a higher score with a C+.
On Rotten Tomatoes, the movie currently holds an audience score of 31%
and a critic score of 32%.
The sequel has been roundly criticized for being a musical and ‘ignoring’ the DC
fanbase – with an agent familiar with director Todd Phillips’ process telling Variety he ‘wanted nothing to do with DC’ during
the making of the film, with DC bosses James Gunn and Peter Safran notably absent from the film’s LA premiere afterparty last month.
A source said: ‘If the first movie was about some down-on-his-luck, mentally ill guy in a downtrodden city, it
makes maybe $150 [million] worldwide. Not a billion. People showed up because that guy was
Joker.’
In an apparent snub by Phillips, the opening sequence of the film
does not include a DC Studios logo.
A Warner spokesman added that a DC logo appears at the
end of the Joker sequel, while Phillips declined to comment to the publication.
Several frictions are said to have developed between Phillips, DC and Warner- with claims that Michael DeLuca, Chairperson of Warner Bros.
Entertainment, and CEO Pamela Abdy seemed ‘unwilling’ to say no
to Phillips due to his huge past successes.
It is claimed Phillips would ‘only’ speak with DeLuca and Abdy rather than Gunn and Safran –
who took control of DC two months before production began on Joker
2 in December 2022.
Gunn and Safran did attend the first director’s cut screening for the
studio but Phillips fueled rift speculation when he told
a reporter: ‘With all due respect to them, this is kind of a Warner Bros.
movie.’
Warner Bros. Discovery CEO David Zaslav also met with Phillips shortly
after WarnerMedia and Discovery merged in April 2022 and was ‘open to filming
in Los Angeles if the director would make the sequel at a lower price point.’
The studio wanted to film in London which would have cost around 20
per cent less.
A source directly involved with the film recently shared: ‘The one thing about genre
stuff: If you don’t listen and pay attention to
what the fan expectations are, you’re going to fail’;
director Todd Phillips seen with Gaga and Phoenix at the LA premiere September 30
However, Phillips insisted on filming in LA with the budget
remaining static.
A Warner spokesman told the publication the studio ‘supported
the decision to film in Los Angeles’.
A source directly involved with the film said: ‘No one could get through to Todd.
And the one thing about genre stuff: If you don’t
listen and pay attention to what the fan expectations are, you’re going
to fail.
Insiders also claim studio bosses did not want to premiere
the film at the Venice Film Festival, but Phillips pushed
back – with a Warner spokesman saying the studio ‘fully supported the
decision to bring the film to Venice.
Along with Gaga and Phoenix, other stars that had appeared in the sequel include Brendan Gleeson, Catherine Keener, Zazie Beatz and Steve Coogan.
Christopher NolanJoaquin Phoenix
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